Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu\u2019ya ek olarak G\u00fcney Do\u011fu Asya denizlerinde son aylarda h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcyen m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7 ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131l\u0131k politikalar\u0131n\u0131n acilen ve yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmesini zorunlu hale getirdi.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel \u00e7apta s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma istemlerinde tan\u0131k olunan patlama, uluslararas\u0131 alanda e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc ve uzun erimli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n
Dikkatler, Kuzey Afrika\u2019dan yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, Akdeniz \u00fczerinden Avrupa Birli\u011fine ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7men teknelerine \u00e7evrilmi\u015fken, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir di\u011fer k\u00f6\u015fesinde, G\u00fcney Do\u011fu Asya\u2019da dev boyutlarda bir insani felaketin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmakta oldu\u011fu uyar\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler M\u00fclteciler Y\u00fcksek Komiserli\u011fine g\u00f6re, bu y\u0131l\u0131n ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131nda, Banglade\u015fliler ve Birmanya\u2019da ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa u\u011frayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman az\u0131nl\u0131k Rohingya toplumundan bireylerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 bin ki\u015fi, Tayland, Malezya ve Endonezya\u2019ya gemilerle ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu rakkam, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00f6neminde tan\u0131k olunan iltica giri\u015fimlerinin\u00a0 iki kat\u0131. Tehlikeli tekne yolculu\u011funu g\u00f6ze alan m\u00fcltecilerin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131, varmak istedikleri \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan reddedildikleri i\u00e7in denizlerde mahzur kald\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
Benzer m\u00fclteci ak\u0131nlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulunan Avrupa, \u00a0\u00e7ok \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr, m\u00fcltecilerin a\u00e7 susuz denizlerde b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyece\u011fi bir medeniyet d\u00fczeyinde. M\u00fclteciler Y\u00fcksek Komiserli\u011fine g\u00f6re, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda insan ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, 219 bin ki\u015fiyi Akdeniz \u00fczerinden Avrupa\u2019ya getirdi ancak 3500 ki\u015fi seyahat s\u0131ras\u0131nda bo\u011fularak \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bu y\u0131l ise \u015fimdiye kadar 62 bin 500 ki\u015fi sa\u011fsalim karaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ama 1800 ki\u015fi canverdi.<\/p>\n
Bu \u00f6l\u00fcmlere engel olmak i\u00e7in denizde ve havada arama ve kurtarma operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Ger\u00e7i Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde, m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l durdurulabilece\u011fi ya da gelenlerin ak\u0131beti konusunda farkl\u0131 \u00f6neriler \u00a0ortaya at\u0131l\u0131yor ama a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri savunan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir az\u0131nl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin kurtar\u0131lmadan denizde b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6ze alarak geri \u00e7evrilmesi talebini dile getirene rastlanm\u0131yor. Kald\u0131 ki, m\u00fcltecilerin hukuki stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc belirleyen Cenevre S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n \u0131rk, din veya geldikleri \u00fclke bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ay\u0131r\u0131m yapmadan uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Avrupa \u0130statistik Kurumu Eurostat\u2019a g\u00f6re, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l 185 bin ki\u015fiye \u00a0Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fcyesi \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma sa\u011fland\u0131. Bu, 2013\u2019e k\u0131yasla iki kat art\u0131\u015f anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n
Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu e\u015fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Komisyonunu, s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n getirdi\u011fi y\u00fck\u00fcn \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda daha adil \u015fekilde payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen bir plan geli\u015ftirmeye zorlad\u0131.\u00a0 Gelecek iki y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 20 bin m\u00fclteciye ev sahipli\u011fi yapmay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren Avrupa Birli\u011fi, m\u00fcltecilerin bir kota sistemi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyor. Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m yap\u0131l\u0131rken de s\u00f6zkonusu \u00fclkenin n\u00fcfusu, Gayr\u0131 Safi Yurti\u00e7i Has\u0131las\u0131 ve i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zde tutulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildiriyor.<\/p>\n
Bu zorunlu payla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6nerisi, \u00fcye \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda en fazla tart\u0131\u015fma yaratan unsur oldu. Komisyonun plan\u0131, Haziran ay\u0131nda Birlik liderlerinin doruk toplant\u0131s\u0131nda oya sunulacak. Ancak \u0130ngiltere, \u015fimdiden plan\u0131 reddetti ve daha fazla m\u00fclteciyi, hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye atarak insan ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n eline d\u00fc\u015fmeye \u00a0te\u015fvik edece\u011fini savundu.<\/p>\n
Birle\u015fmi\u015fMilletler M\u00fclteciler Y\u00fcksek Komiserli\u011fi, Komisyonun sundu\u011fu plan\u0131 \u00f6vg\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131 ve m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131yla ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kmak amac\u0131yla at\u0131lacak \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m olarak niteledi.<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc de plana olumlu tepki g\u00f6sterdi \u00a0ve Akdeniz\u2019deki insani krizin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc do\u011frultusunda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ama \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Afrika Boynuzu ve Sahra Alt\u0131 \u00fclkelerdeki sava\u015f ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, Akdeniz \u00fczerinden Avrupa\u2019ya m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerinden biri ama Libya\u2019dan teknelerle yola \u00e7\u0131kan m\u00fcltecilerin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Suriye\u2019deki sava\u015ftan ka\u00e7anlar olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n
Bu Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131, T\u00fcrkye\u2019en ayr\u0131l\u0131p Bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerine ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar.<\/p>\n
Avrupa\u2019ya gidenlerin say\u0131s\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015fa ra\u011fmen, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hala iki milyon Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 var.<\/p>\n
Arnavutluk gezisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda Avrupa Birli\u011fine daha fazla Suriye ve Irakl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7mene kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, m\u00fcltecilerin y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in Avrupal\u0131lara sitem etmekte hakl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ancak, iltica ve g\u00f6\u00e7 politikalar\u0131n\u0131 acilen g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmesi gereken sadece Avrupa de\u011fil. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar sorununu ciddiyetle yeniden de\u011ferlendirmesi \u015fart.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Suriyeli g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin yak\u0131n gelecekte \u00fclkelerine d\u00f6nmeleri olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fini art\u0131k ku\u015fkuya yer b\u0131rakmayacak \u015fekilde g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Suriye lideri Esad\u2019\u0131n k\u0131sa s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde devrilece\u011fi ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n hemen bitebilece\u011fi varsay\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar yersiz oldu\u011fu \u00e7oktan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnyada en fazla Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131ran \u00fclke konumuna geldi. Bu insani kriziin y\u0131llar s\u00fcrece\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fiyle y\u00fczle\u015fen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u015fimdi vakit ge\u00e7irmeden\u00a0 uzun erimli ve kapsaml\u0131 bir strateji geli\u015ftirmesi laz\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Avrupa, g\u00f6\u00e7 ak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l yava\u015flataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya da durduraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fadursun, T\u00fcrkiye, iki milyon m\u00fclteciyi nas\u0131l entegre edece\u011fine karar vermek zorunda. Suriyeliler, ilk zamanlarda oldu\u011fu gibi sadece m\u00fclteci kamplar\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131yorlar. \u00c7o\u011fu kasaba, kent ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00a0s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lara \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hakk\u0131 ve e\u011fitim olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 acil bir gereksinim haline geldi. Keza, halk aras\u0131nda m\u00fcltecilere kar\u015f\u0131 tepki, hatta olumsuz duygular da giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015f\u0131yor<\/p>\n
Bu arada, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Avrupa Birli\u011fiyle imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00a0Geri Kabul \u00a0Anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bu geli\u015fmeler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ne anlama gelece\u011fini \u00a0de ciddi \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemiz laz\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Giderek daha fazla say\u0131da \u00fclke, dev boyutlarda bir m\u00fclteci sorunuyla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulunuldu\u011funu idrak etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Art\u0131k, i\u00e7 ya da d\u0131\u015f siyasi m\u00fclahazalarla k\u0131sa erimli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerin yeterli olmayaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Avrupa ve Orta Do\u011fu\u2019ya ek olarak G\u00fcney Do\u011fu Asya denizlerinde son aylarda h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcyen m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7 ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131l\u0131k politikalar\u0131n\u0131n acilen ve yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmesini zorunlu hale getirdi. K\u00fcresel \u00e7apta s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma istemlerinde tan\u0131k olunan patlama, uluslararas\u0131 alanda e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc ve uzun erimli \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler gerektiriyor. Dikkatler, Kuzey Afrika\u2019dan yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, Akdeniz \u00fczerinden Avrupa Birli\u011fine ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7men teknelerine […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[4],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27687"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27687"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27687\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27689,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27687\/revisions\/27689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27687"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27687"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27687"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}