{"id":27809,"date":"2015-09-17T16:32:36","date_gmt":"2015-09-17T16:32:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/uncategorized-tr\/turkeys-evolving-refugee-problem-needs-a-clearer-policy-2\/"},"modified":"2015-09-17T16:35:03","modified_gmt":"2015-09-17T16:35:03","slug":"turkeys-evolving-refugee-problem-needs-a-clearer-policy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/tr\/turkeys-evolving-refugee-problem-needs-a-clearer-policy\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye, de\u011fi\u015fen Suriyeli m\u00fclteci sorunuyla nas\u0131l ba\u015fedecek?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Suriye\u2019de be\u015finci y\u0131l\u0131na giren sava\u015f, Avrupa\u2019y\u0131, e\u015fine rastlanmad\u0131k boyutlarda bir m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirdi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u0131llard\u0131r ba\u015fetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorun, son haftalarda Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n karabasan\u0131 haline gelmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

Kamplarda ve kentlerde iki milyondan fazla Suriye ve Irak vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131ran T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnyada m\u00fclteci n\u00fcfusunun en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler M\u00fclteciler Y\u00fcksek Komiserli\u011fine g\u00f6re, 2011 y\u0131l\u0131 Nisan ay\u0131ndan bu yana T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7irilen Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 1 milyon 900 bin.<\/p>\n

D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n rakkamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00a0Suriyeli m\u00fclteciler i\u00e7in 6 milyar dolar harcayan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kaynaklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131. Bu kadar \u00e7ok say\u0131da m\u00fclteciyle ba\u015fedebilecek kurumsal kapasitesi ise giderek azal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma ve koruma standartlar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, yasal stat\u00fcn\u00fcn yoklu\u011fu, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k ve e\u011fitim olanaklar\u0131 ve toplumda m\u00fcltecilere y\u00f6nelik ho\u015fnutsuzlu\u011fun artmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, giderek daha fazla Suriyeli, \u00e7etin bir yolculuk sonucu Avrupa\u2019ya ula\u015fmakta kararl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Suriyelilerin s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 ilk \u00fclkeyi terkedip, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tehlikeyi g\u00f6ze alarak daha g\u00fcvenli bir ya\u015fam i\u00e7in kitlesel olarak Avrupa\u2019ya gitme \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde rahatlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek kimseyi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmamal\u0131. Suriye\u2019nin di\u011fer kom\u015fular\u0131 \u00dcrd\u00fcn ve L\u00fcbnan gibi, T\u00fcrkiye de uzun s\u00fcredir Suriye m\u00fclteci krizinin a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131. Kamplara ek olarak y\u00fczbinlerce m\u00fcltecinin kentlerdeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, toplumun \u00f6nemli bir kesiminde huzursuzlu\u011fa neden olmakta. H\u00fck\u00fcmet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da yakla\u015fan se\u00e7imler \u00f6ncesi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 yaratmakta.<\/p>\n

Suriyelilere yasal olarak m\u00fclteci stat\u00fcs\u00fc tan\u0131may\u0131 reddedip, misafir muamelesi yapan yetkili makamlar, konuklar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 u\u011furluyor olmaktan dolay\u0131 ku\u015fkusuz memnunlar. Ancak ani ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemeyen bu kitlesel hareketin zamanlamas\u0131 ve niteli\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n

Yunanistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndaki Edirne\u2019de kamp kuran y\u00fczlerce m\u00fclteciye ili\u015fkin olarak birbiriyle \u00e7eli\u015fen resmi a\u00e7\u0131klamalar<\/a>, yetkililerin ne kadar haz\u0131rl\u0131ks\u0131z yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesi.<\/p>\n

Edirne Valisi Dursun Ali \u015eahin, m\u00fcltecilere 3 g\u00fcn s\u00fcre tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, geri d\u00f6nmemeleri halinde zor kullanacaklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. \u015eahin, \u2018Memleketlerine ya da kamplara g\u00f6ndermek istiyoruz. Kesin olarak burada kalmayacaklar. Yunanistan ve Bulgaristan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na da yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmayacaklard\u0131r. M\u00fcltecilere 15 kilometrelik s\u0131n\u0131r hatt\u0131 yasak b\u00f6lgedir” dedi.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan M\u00fclteciler ve \u0130nsani Yard\u0131mlardan Sorumlu Ba\u015fbakan Ba\u015fdan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Muhammed Murtaza Yeti\u015f, istedikleri kadar kalabileceklerini, yetkililerin de ellerinden gelen yard\u0131m\u0131 yapmaya devam edece\u011fini bildirdi.<\/p>\n

Avrupa\u2019ya deniz \u00fczerinden ula\u015f\u0131mda tan\u0131k olunan y\u00fcksek can kayb\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Suriyeli m\u00fcltecileri, Yunanistan ve Bulgaristan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 \u00fczerinden kara yoluyla seyahat se\u00e7ene\u011fine y\u00f6neltti. Yunanistan ve Bulgaristan, Avrupa Birli\u011finin di\u011fer baz\u0131 do\u011fu Avrupal\u0131 \u00fcyeleri gibi, m\u00fcltecilere g\u00fcvenlik ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirmek konusunda isteksiz.<\/p>\n

Bulgaristan Savunma Bakan\u0131 Nikolay Nenchev, m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131na engel olmak amac\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131ra asker g\u00f6nderdiklerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Macaristan ve Bulgaristan gibi \u00fclkelerin att\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131mlar ve Edirne Valisinden duydu\u011fumuz t\u00fcrden \u00f6nlemler, iltica ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma hakk\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen uluslararas\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bug\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulundu\u011fu en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlerden biri, bir yandan yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015flere ve insan ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na engel olurken, bir yandan da uluslararas\u0131 iltica ve insan haklar\u0131 kurallar\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermek.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler M\u00fclteciler Y\u00fcksek Komiseri Ant\u00f3nio Guterres\u2019in dedi\u011fi gibi, s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmak amac\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131r ge\u00e7mek, su\u00e7 de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 hukuk, m\u00fcltecilerin ve ya\u015fam\u0131 tehlikede olan bireylerin \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 herzaman yasal yolllarla ve kurallara uygun olarak ge\u00e7emeyecekleri ger\u00e7e\u011fini g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcnde tutuyor.<\/p>\n

S\u0131n\u0131r kontrollerinin, ger\u00e7ek m\u00fcltecilerin s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma ve korunma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli bir \u00fclkeye ula\u015fma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmeyecek \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Avrupa ile kara s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda bir yandan artan say\u0131da m\u00fclteciyle ba\u015fetmek, bir yandan da kom\u015fu \u00fclkelerin s\u0131n\u0131r g\u00fcvenli\u011finin korunmas\u0131 taleplerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermek zorunda kalan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, de\u011fi\u015fen ko\u015fullar \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Suriye m\u00fclteci politikas\u0131nda en k\u0131sa zamanda, uluslararas\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri ne uygun olarak, koruma merkezli bir yakla\u015f\u0131m \u00a0benimsemesi laz\u0131m.<\/p>\n

Son be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r Suriyeli m\u00fcltecilere y\u00f6nelik insanc\u0131l tutumundan dolay\u0131 takdir kazanan T\u00fcrkiye, bir yandan da yeterince \u015feffaf olmayan, gerekti\u011fi kadar yasal g\u00fcvence sa\u011flamayan iltica politikalar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden ele\u015ftirilmekteydi.<\/p>\n

Halihaz\u0131rda siyaset ve g\u00fcvenlik alanlar\u0131nda ciddi bir krizin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, Suriye m\u00fclteci politikas\u0131 \u015fu s\u0131ralar \u00f6ncelikli konu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyebilir. Ancak kurumsal kapasitedeki yetersizlik \u00a0ve \u00a0uluslararas\u0131 hukuk \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde varolan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin yerine getirilememesi, \u00a0uzun erimde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi ciddi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131ya sokabilecek t\u00fcrden bir sorun. \u00a0O y\u00fczden de \u00f6ncelikle a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131, \u015feffaf ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir politikalar\u0131n biran \u00f6nce benimsenmesi \u015fart.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Suriye\u2019de be\u015finci y\u0131l\u0131na giren sava\u015f, Avrupa\u2019y\u0131, e\u015fine rastlanmad\u0131k boyutlarda bir m\u00fclteci ak\u0131n\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirdi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin y\u0131llard\u0131r ba\u015fetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorun, son haftalarda Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n karabasan\u0131 haline gelmi\u015f durumda. Kamplarda ve kentlerde iki milyondan fazla Suriye ve Irak vatanda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131ran T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnyada m\u00fclteci n\u00fcfusunun en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler M\u00fclteciler Y\u00fcksek Komiserli\u011fine g\u00f6re, 2011 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[4],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27809"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27809"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27811,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27809\/revisions\/27811"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.firdevstalkturkey.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}